biosynthesis n : production of a chemical compound by a living organism [syn: biogenesis]

English

Etymology

From bio- + synthesis.

Noun

1. In the context of "biochemistry": The synthesis of organic compounds within a living organism, especially the synthesis of large compounds from small ones.

Derived terms

• biosynthetic

See also

• biogenesis

Biosynthesis is a phenomenon wherein chemical compounds are produced from simpler reagents. Biosynthesis, unlike chemosynthesis, takes place within living organisms and is generally catalyzed by enzymes. The process is a vital part of metabolism.

The prerequisites for biosynthesis are:

• Precursor substances
• Energy (usually in the form of ATP).

Often required components include:

• Catalysts, usually enzymes
• Reduction equivalents (in the form of NADH, NADPH, and others).

Important and commonly-known products of biosynthesis include proteins, vitamins, and antibiotics, but all components of living beings are a result of this process. In the near future, it may be possible, with the help of biotechnology, to harness this process for the production of biodegradable plastics.